Condenser.



PATENTED APR. 7, 1903.

R. D. TOMLINSON.

CONDENSERI APPLICATION FILED Nov. 12. 1902.

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N0 MODEL.

wwjvnm MWZSM @mi PATENTED APR. 7, 1903. R. D. TOMLINSON.

CONDENSED.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 12; 1902.

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@M @km PATBNTED APR. 7, 19,03.

R. D. TOIVILINSON.

CONDENSER.

APPLICATION FILED Nov. 12, 1902.

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N0 MODEL.

INVENTUR WITNESSES /*n/ ATTORNEY 1HE Noam Pmzas co. How-urne. wAsHmcmw.ov s.

UNITED mairies einem trice.

CONDENS` SPECIFICATION forming part 0f Letters Patent No. '724,97 2,dated April 7, 1903.

Application filed November 12,1902. Serial No. 131.008. No model.

To all whom it may concern,.-

Beit known that I, ROYAL D. ToMLINsoN, a citizen of the United States,residing in the borough of Manhattan, in the city and State of New York,have invented a certain new and useful Improvementin Condensers forSteam- Engines, of which the following is a specification.

The improvement applies to that class in which there is a specialpassage leading to a second air-pump for abstracting the air andpreventing it from accumulating in the upper portion of the condenser,thus contributing to the completeness ofthe vacuum. Such air, mingledwith weak steam, has been before taken away by a separate'air-pump. Ihave discovered that the second air-pu mp maybe dispensed with and thesmall quantity of air in an attenuated condition which has been broughtin with the steam and with the water of condensation or even thesometimes larger quantities which may come in through small leaks in theapparatus may be more effectually taken away and' mingled with the watergoing into an ordinary single air-pump by a simple addition to thelong-approved construction. I provide by a small jet of live steamproperly directed into such pas-` sage for maintaining aslightly-stronger eduction therein.

The following is a description of what I consider the best means ofcarrying out the invention.

The accompanying drawings form a part of this specification.

Figure 1 is a central vertical section of the condenser and itsimmediate attachments. Fig. l is a corresponding view showing amodification. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of one of the details, ona larger scale. Fig. 3 is a corresponding section showing a modiication.Fig. 4. is a section showing the invention applied to a surfacecondenser. Fig. 5 is a cross-section of a portion shown in Fig. 4 on alarger scale.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all thefigures where they appear.

Referring to Fig. l, A is the engine, B the exhaust-pipe, and D thecondenser. E is a liberal passage leading from the bottom of Y largestdiameter is a slight lip P4.

the condenser, and F is an air-pump, shown as a duplex Worthington. Thisair-pump, in additionto its usual function of taking out from the bottomof the condenser all of the water with some of the thin steam and air,also serves to remove a quantity of thin air taken from a high point inthe condenser where the air is liable to accumulate. The air-pump shouldin theory be a little larger than is required for ordinary condensers;but my experiments indicate that the increase in size required to servesuccessfully with my invention is so slight as to be insignificant. Theordinary proportions may obtain. The condenser is of the j et class,owing water as cold as can be commanded into the condenser and bringingit into direct contact with the eaxhaust-steam. Gis a spreader operatedby means of a stem G and hand-wheel G2, which stands in the path of thestrong jet received through the pipe P. The upper end of the latter pipeis flanged outward, as indicated byP. Its rim is curled downward,inward, and upward underneath, as indicated by P2. Its upper surface isridged radially, and around the Q is an outer shell inclosing the pipe Pand curved to correspond therewith. The upper end of this pipe Q isextended, as indicated by Q. The construction thus shown forms a pocketin which water will rarely, if ever, enter. R is a small pipe connectedto a low point in the large pipe or shell Q and extending out throughthe tight-fitting nozzle D2 in the condenser. atter passing which it isdeflected downward, as indicated by R2. It is entered at an angle by asmall pipe M, bringing live steam from the boiler (not shown) andcontrolled by a valve M. The inner end of this pipe M is properly formedto act upon the attenuated contents of the pipe R and impel them withforce. This pipe R, having its contained air and steam thus conditionedmoving rapidly through it, extending downward, enters the horizontalpassage E and extends along therein. It terminates in the immediateVicinity of the air-pump F with a peculiar nozzle W, which I will'describe more minutely farther on. This pipe R draws out the contents otthe annular curved space between the pipes This pipe is controlled by avalve R,

IOO

.ing considerably beyond.

P and Q and maintains or seeks to maintain a slightly better vacu um insuch space than obtains in the main body of the condenser. It preventsany accumulation of air in such space. R3 is a depression adapted toreceive and retain any water whichk may by any chance get into theannula'r'ispace between the pipes P and Q. A pipe T extends downwardfrom rthe bottom of this depression within the base-,0f thefcondenserand is bent and extends along a little in the passage E. The end of thispipe T is also equipped with one of my peculiar` nozzles. In the absenceof any water this pipe T can, in common with the pipe R, deliver air andthin steam downward; but its action will diifer from that of the pipe Rin the fact that there is in T no jetof fresh steam to quicken themotion of its contents.

I will now describe minutely the nozzle W. There is a liabilitytoconcussive action when a steam-pipe is allowed to discharge underWater. I ascribe this to the freedom for the approach and retreat of thewater in an ordi-j nary open vessel and the consequent intermittentcondensation in its mouth. In my apparatus it will sometimes, thoughrarely, be the fact that the thin fluid which is delivered through oneor both of the pipes R and T into the water flowing through 'E will beso largely steam that such concussive action may occur. I provideagainst this by a provision attached to the end of each pipe R and T,and also toA the end of another vwhich I will describe farther on inconnection with a modification. I will show one example of such nozzle.on 'a larger scale.

Referring to Fig. 2, R4 is the end of the pipe R proper, slightlytapered, as shown, and W is an inclosing tube correspondingly tapered,but of larger diameter and extend- It is held in position by thin radialarms W". The effect is to so regulate and direct the access of water tothe issuing current of air and steam that the mingling and condensationare certain to be smoothly cntin nous without any appreciableconcussion.

It will be observed that the concentric pipe or casing Q, inclosing theinjection-pipe P, constitutes, in effect, a pipe (a passage) leadingfrom a high point in the condenser down to the junction of the pipe R,which takes out the air. In that point of vievyT the air in the formsshown in Figs. 1, 2, 4, 5, '7, and 8 is taken from a high point in thecondenser. In ally the forms the passage connects to a dry point in thecondenser, one in which the air would otherwise accumulate.

Modifications may be made Without departing from the principle orsacrificing the advantages of the invention. The forms and proportionsof the parts may be varied. I attach importance to the conoidal form ofthev top of the condenser, as shown in Figs. 1 and 'face condenser.denser; C', the tubes therein conducting wa- 3, because it providessufficiently for the spreading of the injection-water and reduces thepossibility of pocketing .any air there.

Parts of the invention may be used without others.

Fig. 3 shows a pipe corresponding to the pipe T, extending downward onlya little way, but so far as to be certain to be immersed in thedescendingr current of Wat-er. This iigure also shows the pipe Rii,corresponding to R, inclined in the opposite direction to that in Fig. 1and leading into an extended descending portion D* of the condenser.These modified pipes are shown as equipped with my nozzle for avoidingconcussions. The pipe Mik, giving the live-steam jet in this Fig. 3,enters the pipe D* and servessubstantially in the same manner as beforedescribed. The vertical descent from the condenser may be increased toany required eX- tent. This iigure shows it as broken off and its lowerend brought up to short-en the iigure. If the situation allows theextension down to a sufficient depth, the delivery of the water will bymy invention thus arrangedbe accomplished Withoutaii air-pump. In short,this figure shows my invention applied to what is oft-eu designated abarometric tubecondenser.

Fig. 4 shows the invention applied to a sur- O is the body of the conterthrough the steam-space c, the discharge from the bottom of thecondenser corresponding to the passage E in Fig. 1. Rit* is a pipecorresponding to R in Fig. 1, discharging in a similar manner into thecurrent of water flowing to the air-pump, and Mii* is a livesteam pipecorresponding to the pipe M in Fig. 1. In this form I indicates a seriesof horizontal pipes liberally perforated along their under sides andshielded from water by wings I. The air is drawn into the pipes Ithrough the perforations z' and gathered in the header J and led awaythrough the pipe Rili. I can use the jet of live steam for inducing ortending to induce a higher vacuum in the air-space in the condenser,or Ican use a second air-pump H, sometimes known as a dry vacuum-pump, forthe same purpose. I can introduce the delivery of the second (the dry)vacuum-pump H into the suction-chamber of the Wet-air pump F, therebyreducing the Work required of the dry vacuum-pump by reason lof thedecreased pressure that it must work against. The left side of Fig. 1ashows a construction in which this latter point is involved. In thisfigure the descending pipe R2 is omitted and the thin air drawn from thecondenser through the pipe R instead of being acted on by a live-steamjet and receiving an impulse therefrom is led upward, and any water oroil which it may contain may be separated in a chamber, as shown. Thethin gaseous mat- IOO ter is then led upward to a height to which theatmospheric pressure cannot sustain the Water, so that no Water isliable is pass to the dry vacuum-pump H, thereby damaging it. The airisthen led to such pump, and the delivery therefrom is shown as leddownward by the pipe Hto a 10W level and thence horizontally under theWater-passage and upward into the suction-chamber of the Wet-air pump.The direction of the current in the various parts is indicated byarrows.

I claim as my inventiona l. In a condenser having connections forseparately discharging Water and air, provisions for discharging the airinto the stream of Water being carried therefrom in a directioncorresponding with the motion of the latter, and provisions forpromoting the flow of above set forth I aitix my signature in pres- 3oence of two witnesses.

ROYAL D. TOMLINSON.

Witnesses:

il FRANK A. COOK,

M. F. BoYLE.-

